Non-Verbal Reasoning — PPSC previous year questions

A mirror placed at the side reverses the order of letters, so RAJASTHAN reads from the end: N-A-H-T-S-A-J-A-R = NAHTSAJAR. The other options jumble the middle letters.

In each cross the centre equals the product of the left and top numbers minus the product of the right and bottom numbers. > figure 1: 6 × 3 − 2 × 4 = 18 − 8 = 10 > figure 2: 9 × 5 − 3 × 5 = 45 − 15 = 30 > figure 3: 6 × 5 − 5 × 2 = 30 − 10 = 20 The missing number is 20.

The centre disc touches every sector of the innermost ring, and two neighbouring sectors of that ring touch each other, so three regions are mutually adjacent and at least 3 colours are needed. Three are enough: give the centre colour 1 and alternate colours 2 and 3 around each ring, choosing so that every sector differs from its two neighbours and from the inner region it touches. So the minimum is 3.

On a 2 x 2 grid, any monotone path (one that only ever moves right or down) from the top-left to the bottom-right corner consists of exactly 2 moves right (R) and 2 moves down (D) in some order. Number of arrangements of RRDD = 4!/(2!2!) = C(4,2) = 6 routes.

A vertical mirror (placed on the left or right) reverses the order of the letters and laterally inverts each one, so PQRS appears as SRQP (with the letters themselves flipped). Only option (d) gives the reversed sequence.

The three dots always fill three neighbouring points of the star, and the whole group slides forward by two points each time. > I: right, upper-right, upper-left > II: upper-left, lower-left, bottom > III: bottom, right, upper-right ; IV: upper-right, upper-left, lower-left > Next in turn: lower-left, bottom, right Figure (a) carries exactly those three points.

The figure is a large equilateral triangle. It is divided into a complete grid of four unit rows — 1, 3, 5 and 7 small triangles, 16 in all. Count by size and orientation. > side 1: 10 pointing up + 6 pointing down = 16 > side 2: 6 pointing up + 1 pointing down = 7 > side 3: 3 pointing up; side 4: the outer triangle = 1 > total = 16 + 7 + 3 + 1 = 27 For a triangular grid of side n the count is n(n + 2)(2n + 1)/8 = 4 × 6 × 9 ÷ 8 = 27.

Read the matrix one row at a time. > Circles fall by one across each row: 4, 3, 2 / 3, 2, 1 / 2, 1, 0 > Triangles rise by one across each row: 2, 3, 4 / 1, 2, 3 / 0, 1, 2 > So the empty block needs 0 circles and 2 triangles Block (a), with no circle and two triangles, completes it.

Note where the three dots sit in figure X. One lies where the rectangle and the triangle overlap but the ellipse does not reach. One lies where the ellipse and the rectangle overlap, outside the triangle. One lies inside the triangle alone. Figure (2) has all three of those areas. Its slanting triangle side cuts the rectangle, so part of the rectangle is inside the ellipse and clear of the triangle. The lower corner of the rectangle lies inside the triangle but outside the ellipse. The triangle also stretches well beyond both the other figures.

In a mirror the order of the letters is reversed and each letter is laterally flipped: I and M look the same, L becomes ⅃ and N becomes И. > reversed: L I I L L I I L I N N M N M N N M N I L L I > flipped: ⅃II⅃⅃II⅃IИИMИMИИMИI⅃⅃I This is option (a); the other three shuffle the И and M in the middle block.