One word substitution means replacing a long group of words with a single exact word. For example, 'a person who loves mankind' becomes philanthropist. The exam gives you a phrase and four words; you pick the one word that means exactly that. The trick is simple: most answers are built from small word-endings and roots (like -logy = study of, -cide = killing). Learn these parts and you can often guess a word you have never seen. Every quiz below is a real Punjab Police SI or Constable question.
What is one word substitution?
One word, same meaning as a whole phrase.
A phrase like 'a long journey to a holy place' is replaced by one word: pilgrimage. The right word matches the phrase exactly — not 'almost'. If two words are close, pick the one whose meaning covers every part of the phrase. Watch for look-alike and opposite words placed as traps.
Crack it with word-endings and roots
Break the word into parts. Each part carries a fixed meaning.
| Part | Meaning | Example word |
|---|---|---|
| -logy | study of | psychology (mind), geology (rock & soil) |
| -cracy / -archy | rule / government by | democracy (people), aristocracy (nobility), monarchy (one king) |
| -cide | killing | patricide (father), homicide (a human) |
| -phobia | fear of | hydrophobia (water), acrophobia (heights) |
| phil- | love of | philanthropist (mankind) |
| ped- | foot | pedestrian (one who walks) |
| im- / in- | not (opposite) | immortal (cannot die), insolvent (cannot pay) |
| Phrase | One word | Meaning (Punjabi) |
|---|---|---|
| One who loves mankind | Philanthropist | ਦਾਨੀ / ਲੋਕ-ਭਲਾਈ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ |
| The study of the mind | Psychology | ਮਨੋਵਿਗਿਆਨ |
| One who cannot die | Immortal | ਅਮਰ |
| One who travels on foot | Pedestrian | ਪੈਦਲ ਰਾਹੀ |
| A long journey to a holy place | Pilgrimage | ਤੀਰਥ ਯਾਤਰਾ |
| A speech in praise of someone | Eulogy | ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ੰਸਾ-ਭਾਸ਼ਣ |
| A woman whose husband is dead | Widow | ਵਿਧਵਾ |
| A speech made without preparation | Extempore | ਤਤਕਾਲ ਭਾਸ਼ਣ |
Real Punjab Police questions
Read the phrase, find the root, then choose.
- Pick the exact match, not the 'close' word (carnivorous ≠ cannibal).
- Beware look-alikes: nostalgia vs neuralgia, perpetual vs conceptual.
- Beware opposites: mortal vs immortal, solvent vs insolvent.
- If the clue says 'one who…', pick a person-noun, not an adjective.
- -cracy / -archy = rule; -logy = study; -cide = killing.
- When options rhyme, split at the root and match only the root.
Choose the one word for: 'The murder of one's own brother.' (a) homicide (b) fratricide (c) genocide (d) suicide
Show answer
(b) fratricide. The ending -cide means 'killing' and the root frater means 'brother', so fratricide = killing one's brother. Homicide = killing a human; genocide = killing a whole race; suicide = killing oneself.